英语新闻丨中国成为全球双向投资枢纽

As global supply chains undergo transformation and investment patterns shift, China has taken on a dual role in the world economy — as both a magnet for foreign enterprises and an increasingly influential outbound investor, said experts and executives.专家与企业高管表示，在全球供应链深度调整、投资格局加速演变的背景下，中国在世界经济中扮演着双重角色——既是吸引外资企业的“磁石”，也是影响力持续提升的对外投资主体。This signals not only continuity in the country's opening-up policy, but also a deeper transformation — that China is no longer just a participant in global growth, but is becoming a co-architect of it, they said.他们指出，这不仅体现中国对外开放政策的连续性，更标志着深层次转型：中国已不再是全球经济增长的单纯参与者，正逐步成为全球经济发展的共同构建者。What draws foreign companies today is not the promise of low costs, but the chance to innovate, to test ideas in a vast and demanding market, and to use China as a springboard into global competition.如今吸引外资企业的，不再是低成本优势，而是创新机遇、在庞大且高要求市场中验证理念的可能，以及以中国为跳板参与全球竞争的广阔空间。"China remains the top target market for enterprises expanding their global trade layout, with 44 percent of global enterprises selecting China as their first choice for expansion," said David Liao, co-chief executive for Asia and the Middle East at HSBC.汇丰银行亚洲及中东联席首席执行官廖宜建表示：“中国仍是企业拓展全球贸易布局的首要目标市场，44%的全球企业将中国选为海外扩张的首选地。”Citing survey data, he added that 40 percent of global firms are either already increasing or planning to increase their manufacturing footprint in China over the next two years. "These findings highlight that China remains a hot spot for international investment and occupies a central position in the global trade landscape."他援引调研数据补充道，未来两年，40%的全球企业已在增加或计划增加在华制造业布局。“这些数据充分说明，中国仍是国际投资的热点地区，在全球贸易格局中占据核心地位。”That reality is reflected in the way executives describe the market. Many call it a touchstone for development.企业高管对中国市场的评价，也印证了这一现实——许多人将中国视为发展的“试金石”。ABB CEO Morten Wierod said China is the cornerstone of ABB's business, with Xiamen, Fujian province becoming its largest global manufacturing base and innovation center.ABB集团首席执行官史毕福称，中国是ABB业务发展的基石，其中福建省厦门市已成为ABB全球最大的制造基地与创新中心。The same pattern plays out in life sciences and healthcare. Anita Wei, vice-president of External Affairs at Danaher China, said her company's "Double Innovation Engine" strategy is built on deep localization.在生命科学与医疗健康领域，这一趋势同样显著。丹纳赫中国政府事务副总裁韦春艳表示，丹纳赫的“双创新引擎”战略根植于深度本土化。"We aim to achieve 80 percent of sales revenue from localized production and 80 percent of raw material sourcing from the Chinese market," she explained. "This allows our research and development teams to respond directly to clinical needs in China and then promote those solutions globally."“我们目标实现80%的销售收入来自本土化生产，80%的原材料采购源自中国市场，”她解释道，“这让我们的研发团队能够直接响应中国临床需求，并将这些解决方案推向全球市场。”Wei emphasized that the company's commitment is also about long-term trust. "China's continuous opening-up and improving business environment give us the confidence to keep investing. We are committed to building long-term, trusted partnerships that address global challenges together."韦春艳强调，企业的投入也源于对中国市场的长期信任。“中国持续扩大开放、不断优化营商环境，给了我们持续投资的信心。我们致力于构建长期互信的合作伙伴关系，共同应对全球挑战。”Other foreign companies have adopted similar strategies.其他外资企业也采取了类似策略。Zhao Bingdi, president of Panasonic China, described the shift by saying that China is not only a manufacturing center for Panasonic, but also an innovation hub, and that the Japanese firm is transitioning from "in China, for China" to "in China, for global" with the aim of leveraging the competitive edge honed in China for Southeast Asia and beyond.松下电器（中国）总裁赵炳弟这样描述战略转变：中国对松下而言，不仅是制造中心，更是创新枢纽。这家日本企业正从“在中国，为中国”向“在中国，为全球”转型，旨在将在中国市场打磨的竞争优势延伸至东南亚及更广泛地区。These strategies have been underpinned by policy.这些战略的落地，离不开政策的有力支撑。China has steadily opened doors wider, reducing national and free trade zone negative lists for foreign investment to 29 and 27 items, respectively. Restrictions on manufacturing investment have been removed, while pilot programs in cloud computing, biotechnology and wholly foreign-owned hospitals are underway. Procurement, IP protection, data flows and tax incentives are all being fine-tuned to create a more predictable business climate.中国持续扩大对外开放：全国和自由贸易试验区外资准入负面清单分别缩减至29项、27项；制造业领域外资限制全面取消；云计算、生物技术、外资独资医院等领域试点有序推进。与此同时，中国还在采购管理、知识产权保护、数据流动、税收优惠等方面不断优化，为市场营造更可预期的发展环境。If inbound investment illustrates how China strengthens multinationals, outbound investment shows how Chinese firms are reshaping international markets. In 2024, outward direct investment reached $192.2 billion, bringing cumulative stock above $3.14 trillion. For the 13th year in a row, China ranked among the world's top three investors, according to the 2024 statistical bulletin of outward foreign direct investment.如果说吸引外资体现了中国如何助力跨国企业发展壮大，那么对外投资则展现了中国企业如何重塑国际市场格局。《2024年中国对外直接投资统计公报》显示，2024年中国对外直接投资规模达1922亿美元，累计对外直接投资存量突破3.14万亿美元，连续13年位居全球对外投资前三行列。In total, by the end of 2024, 34,000 Chinese investors had established 52,000 overseas enterprises in 190 countries and regions, including 19,000 in Belt and Road Initiative partner countries.截至2024年底，中国3.4万家投资者在全球190个国家和地区设立了5.2万家境外企业，其中在“一带一路”合作伙伴国家设立企业1.9万家。Hungary illustrates China's new depth of global cooperation, particularly with countries participating in the BRI. From 2014 to 2024, Chinese enterprises invested close to $20 billion in Hungary, creating more than 30,000 local jobs in sectors such as automotive batteries and intelligent logistics. These projects have not only delivered advanced technologies, but also strengthened Hungary's position in Europe's industrial chain.匈牙利的案例，彰显了中国全球合作的新深度，尤其是与“一带一路”参与国的合作成果。2014年至2024年，中国企业在匈牙利投资近200亿美元，在汽车电池、智能物流等领域创造当地就业岗位超3万个。这些项目不仅带来了先进技术，更提升了匈牙利在欧洲产业链中的地位。In Egypt's TEDA Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone, Chinese enterprises have built integrated clusters centered on high-end manufacturing and logistics — a "localized production+global sales" model that has spurred industrial upgrading and job creation, earning praise from the Egyptian government.在埃及泰达苏伊士经贸合作区，中国企业打造了以高端制造、物流为核心的产业综合体，形成“本土化生产+全球化销售”模式。这一模式推动当地产业升级、创造大量就业，得到埃及政府高度认可。The energy sector tells a similar story.能源领域亦呈现相似态势Wang Pengcheng, president of Hithium Energy Storage Technology Co, said, "The global energy storage market is experiencing rapid growth, and Hithium Energy is building a global full-chain capability from materials and product systems to system integration and full-station services, providing customized integrated solutions for global customers." The company's shipments have grown at a compound annual rate of 167 percent over the past three years, with demand rising fast in the United States, Europe, and the Middle East.海辰储能科技股份有限公司总裁王鹏程表示：“全球储能市场正迎来快速增长，海辰储能正构建从材料、产品系统到系统集成、全站服务的全球全链条能力，为全球客户提供定制化综合解决方案。”过去三年，该公司出货量复合年增长率达167%，在美国、欧洲、中东等地区的市场需求增长迅猛。Smooth two-way capital flows depend on a robust financial system that can provide not only funding, but also risk protection and efficiency for cross-border activities.双向资本的顺畅流动，离不开健全的金融体系支撑——它不仅能提供资金支持，更能为跨境经贸活动提供风险保障与效率提升服务。"Outbound investment always involves the movement of capital across borders, and financial institutions are now participating in more diverse ways," said Zhou Mi, a senior research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation.中国国际贸易促进委员会国际贸易经济合作研究院高级研究员周密指出：“对外投资必然涉及跨境资本流动，当前金融机构的参与方式正日趋多元。”Zhou outlined three avenues of support. "First, banks can provide direct financing — loans that help enterprises participate in overseas projects or place large orders. Second, risk-protection products such as investment insurance reduce uncertainty for firms abroad. Last, trade-related financing tools, like buyer's credit, can lower the costs of running international operations."周密进一步阐述了金融支持的三大路径：“首先，银行可提供直接融资支持，通过贷款助力企业参与海外项目或承接大额订单；其次，投资保险等风险保障产品能降低企业海外经营的不确定性；最后，买方信贷等贸易融资工具可减少企业开展国际业务的成本。”Zhou believes that services will only grow more localized and innovative. "Many Chinese and international banks are expanding their global presence, which allows them to provide on-the-ground services. At the same time, new tools — such as stablecoins and faster cross-border payment systems — are emerging to make capital flows more efficient," he said. "Of course, cross-market risks remain, and the key will be ensuring that financial capital and real-economy capital complement each other to drive innovation. That balance requires constant adjustments."在周密看来，金融服务的本土化与创新化水平将持续提升。“众多中资银行与国际银行正加速拓展全球布局，以便提供在地化服务。与此同时，稳定币、高效跨境支付系统等新型工具不断涌现，推动资本流动效率提升，”他表示，“当然，跨市场风险依然存在，关键在于确保金融资本与实体经济资本相互补充、共同驱动创新。这一平衡需要持续调整优化。”The trend was clear at this year's China International Fair for Investment and Trade last month, where banks introduced instant transaction platforms and insurers offered tailored risk products for projects in politically complex regions.上月举办的本届中国国际投资贸易洽谈会（简称“投洽会”）上，这一趋势体现得尤为明显：银行机构推出即时交易平台，保险机构则针对政治环境复杂地区的项目定制专属风险保障产品。Liao of HSBC added that the Panda Bond market has become a vital channel for foreign companies raising capital in China. "Since 2005, the Panda Bond market had recorded an accumulated issuance size of over 1 trillion yuan ($140 billion) as of July. The ready availability of domestic fundraising tools reduces financing costs and accelerates the expansion of the footprint of multinational companies in China," Liao said. "It also helps optimize their asset-liability structures and improve overall capital allocation efficiency."汇丰银行的廖宜建补充道，熊猫债市场已成为外资企业在华融资的重要渠道。“自2005年以来，截至今年7月，熊猫债市场累计发行规模已突破1万亿元人民币（约合1400亿美元）。便捷的在华融资工具不仅降低了融资成本，还助力跨国企业加速拓展在华业务布局，”廖宜建说，“这同时有助于企业优化资产负债结构，提升整体资金配置效率。”Finance is the bloodstream of two-way investment, but innovation is the heartbeat. Both inbound and outbound flows increasingly target high-tech fields, from artificial intelligence and robotics to green energy. That matches China's strategy of high-quality growth and the world's demand for greener, smarter solutions.金融是双向投资的“血脉”，而创新则是其“心跳”。无论是外资流入还是对外投资，均日益向人工智能、机器人、绿色能源等高科技领域集聚。这既契合中国高质量发展战略，也顺应了全球对更绿色、更智能解决方案的需求。That perspective is increasingly shared by foreign executives, who point to China's blend of policy support, market demand and industrial supply chains as a foundation for technological progress.越来越多外资企业高管认同这一观点，他们认为中国的政策支持、市场需求与产业供应链形成合力，为技术创新奠定了坚实基础。Events such as CIFIT showcase two-way investment results. More than 1,100 cooperation projects, with a combined value of 644 billion yuan, were signed at the fair this year.中国国际投资贸易洽谈会等平台，正是双向投资成果的重要展示窗口。本届投洽会共签约1100多个合作项目，总金额达6440亿元人民币。While China's dual role in global capital flows has already delivered results, challenges remain. Geopolitical frictions, divergent regulatory system, and rising protectionism all weigh on the investment outlook.尽管中国在全球资本流动中扮演的双重角色已成效初显，但挑战依然存在。地缘政治摩擦、监管体系差异、保护主义抬头等因素，均对投资前景构成压力。Even so, with its vast market, comprehensive supply chains, and growing financial and innovation ecosystems, China is well placed to deepen two-way cooperation.即便如此，凭借庞大的市场规模、完备的供应链体系，以及不断完善的金融与创新生态，中国具备深化双向合作的坚实基础，未来可期。cumulative/ˈkjuːmjələtɪv/adj.累积的；累计的honed/həʊnd/adj.经过磨练的；打磨robust/rəʊˈbʌst/adj.强健的；健全的；稳固的divergent/daɪˈvɜːdʒənt/adj.不同的；有分歧的；相异的